The Department of History at the University of Basel, Switzerland, invites applications for a invite applications for a fully funded, four-year (1 plus 3) PhD position in a history project led by Dr. Fabian Baumann (principal investigator, PI), to be filled as of 1st August 2026 or by agreement.
The project The Threatened Republic: Treason, Disloyalty, and the Defense of Democracy in Interwar Czechoslovakia, funded by a Starting Grant from the Swiss National Science Foundation, explores the legal and political strategies that the First Czechoslovak Republic (1918–1938) used to defend the state's integrity and “democratic-republican” system. Team members will research several case studies of anti-state movements and of state institutions charged with the defense of the system.
Among the new states established in East Central Europe after World War I, the First Czechoslovak Republic was both the most democratic and the most precarious. Numerous domestic and external enemies contested the state's borders and its democratic constitution. As Czechoslovakia's government institutions tried to safeguard their republic against extremist movements, they occasionally employed highly repressive instruments, giving rise to the accusation that the state itself was undermining democracy.
As such, the First Czechoslovak Republic exemplifies the dilemmas inherent in what political scientists, following Karl Loewenstein, have called militant democracy. The project will examine the legal and political strategies used to safeguard the young democracy, with a particular focus on political trials. By examining how the state sought to protect itself while negotiating the fine line between legitimate dissent and disloyalty, the project will contribute the broader history of democracy and its discontents in a time and place characterized by extreme nationalism, authoritarian politics, and territorial revisionism.